三(第2/4页)

于是我想,它幸福的
晚歌里一定颤动着某种
神圣的希望,它心知肚明,
我却一无所知。
I leant upon a coppice gate
When Frost was spectregray,
And Winter's dregs made desolate
The weakening eye of day.
The tangled binestems scored the sky
Like strings of broken lyres,
And all mankind that haunted nigh
Had sought their household fires.
Tha land's sharp features seemed to be
The Century's corpse outleant,
His crypt the cloudy canopy,
The wind his deathlament,
The ancient pulse of germ and birth
Was shrunken hard and dry,
And every spirit upon earth
Seemed fervourless as I.
At once a voice arose among
The bleak twigs overhead
In a fullhearted evensong
Of joy illimited;
An aged thrush, frail, gaunt, and small,
In blastberuffled plume,
Had chosen thus to fling his soul
Upon the growing gloom.
So little cause for carolings
Of such ecstatic sound
Was written on terrestrial things
Afar or nigh around,
That I could think there trembled through
His happy goodnight air
Some blessed Hope, whereof he knew
And I was unaware.

 

这里的三十二行诗尽管是托马斯·哈代诗作中被收入诗歌合集最多的一首,却不是他最典型的诗作,因为它过于流畅。也许正因为如此,它才经常被收入合集,尽管除了其中的一行,实际上任何一位富有才华或洞见的人都能写出这样的诗。此类诗作在英语诗歌中并不罕见,尤其在上世纪末。这是一首十分流畅、十分透彻的诗;其叙述平滑,结构保守,很容易使人联想到叙事谣曲;其情节清晰,十分连贯。换句话说,这里很少地道的哈代。那么此时恰是一个最好的时刻,让我来告诉你们什么是地道的哈代。

地道的哈代是这样一位诗人,用他自己的话来说,他“憎恶平滑的诗行”。要不是因为在他之前那六百年的诗风,要不是因为像丁尼生一样的诗人对他虎视眈眈,此话听起来会有些古怪。说到这一点,他的态度其实与霍普金斯相差不大,我还想说,他俩表达这一态度的方式也差异很小。无论如何,托马斯·哈代的确主要是这样一位诗人,他的诗行拥挤紧绷,充满相互碰撞的辅音和张着大嘴的元音;他的句法十分复杂,冗长的句式因为其貌似随意的用词而愈显艰涩,他的诗节设计令读者的眼睛、耳朵和意识均无所适从,其从不重复的样式前无古人。